Stage 01Fill
Inlet valves open and water enters to the level the formula calls for. Detergent and other chemistry are injected, and the water is brought to temperature by the building supply, steam, or an electric heater, depending on the machine.
- Water
- Rising to the level the formula sets
- Drum
- Turning slowly to wet the load
Stage 02Wash
The drum turns at a speed that keeps the force at its wall below 1 G, reversing at set intervals. Lifters carry the load up and drop it back through the water. That repeated fall is the mechanical action that loosens soil.
- Water
- Held at level and temperature
- Drum
- Tumbling and reversing, under 1 G
Stage 03Rinse
The drain valve opens and the wash water leaves. The drum refills with clean water, often more than once, with short spins between baths to carry out soil and residual chemistry.
- Water
- Drained, then refilled clean
- Drum
- Tumbling between drains
Stage 04Extract
With the drain open, the drum first spreads the load evenly at a distribution speed just above 1 G, then accelerates. Centrifugal force drives water through the perforations. The higher the G-force, the less water goes to the dryer.
- Water
- Leaving through the drum wall
- Drum
- High speed, high G
Illustration of a typical cycle. Formulas, speeds, and times vary by machine, goods, and chemistry.